June 20
Birthdays:
1969 ~ Misha Verbitsky, Russian mathematician. He was born in Moscow, Russia
1967 ~ Nicole Kidman (née Nicole Mary Kidman), Australian actress. She was born in Honolulu, Hawaii.
1958 ~ Mark Milley (né Marl Alexander Milley), American United States Army General. In 2019, he became the 20thChairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. After the 2020 presidential election, he became concerned that President Donald Trump would go rogue, so took steps to prevent the President from starting a war or launching nuclear weapons. He was born in Winchester, Massachusetts.
1955 ~ E. Lynn Harris (né Everette Lynn Harris; d. July 23, 2009), the African-American author who wrote about gay Black men. He was born in Flint, Michigan. He died of heart disease at age 54 in Los Angeles, California.
1954 ~ Ilan Ramon (né Ilan Wolferman, d. Feb. 1, 2003), Israeli combat pilot and astronaut, who was killed, along with 6 other crew members, when the Columbia crashed upon re-entry over Texas and Louisiana. He was born in Ramat Gan, Israel. He was 48 years old.
1952 ~ John Goodman (né John Stephen Goodman), American actor. He was born in Affton, Missouri.
1949 ~ Lionel Richie (né Lionel Brockman Richie, Jr.), African-American musician. He was born in Tuskegee, Alabama.
1946 ~ David Kazhdan (né Dmitry Aleksandrovich Kazhdan), Russian-Israeli mathematician. He is best known for his work in representation theory. He migrated from the Soviet Union in 1974 to take a position at Harvard University. In 2002, he immigrated to Israel. He was born in Moscow, Russia.
1945 ~ Anne Murray (née Morna Anne Murray), Canadian singer-songwriter. She was born in Springhill, Nova Scotia, Canada.
1942 ~ Dan Sperber, French cognitive scientist. He was born in Cagnes-sur-Mer, France.
1942 ~ Neil Trudinger (né Neil Sidney Trudinger), Australian mathematician. He was born in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
1940 ~ John Mahoney (né Charles John Mahoney; d. Feb. 4, 2018), British-born American actor best known for his role as Martin Crain in the television sit-com Frasier. He found fame late in life. He was born in Blackpool, Lancashire, England. He died of throat cancer at age 77 in Chicago, Illinois.
1933 ~ Danny Aiello (né Daniel Louis Aiello, Jr.; d. Dec. 12, 2019), American actor. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died in New Jersey at age 86 following a brief illness.
1931 ~ Olympia Dukakis (née Olympia Mary Dukakis; d. May 1, 2021), American state veteran who had a cinematic second act. She was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. She died at age 89 in Manhattan, New York.
1930 ~ Catherine Aird (née Kinn Hamilton McIntosh), author of “cozy” crime fiction novels. She was born in Huddersfield, England.
1929 ~ Edith Windsor (née Edith Schlain; d. Sept. 12, 2017), American activist who fought for same-sex marriage. She was the lead plaintiff in the 2013 Supreme Court case United States v. Windsor. In an opinion authored by Justice Kennedy, the Court overturned Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act, that defined marriage as a union between a man and a woman. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She died at age 88 in New York, New York.
1928 ~ Martin Landau (né Martin James Landau; d. July 15, 2017), American versatile actor who fought against typecasting. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died of an abdominal hemorrhage 25 days after his 89th birthday in Los Angeles, California.
1926 ~ Rehavam Ze’evi (d. Oct. 17, 2001), Israeli general and politician. He was an Israeli tourist minister. He was the first Israeli minister to be assassinated in a terrorist attack. He was born and died in Jerusalem, Israel. He died at age 75.
1925 ~ Audie Murphy (né Audie Leon Murphy; d. May 28, 1971), American actor and soldier. He was a hero in World War II. He was born in Kingston, Texas. He was killed in a private plane crash in Virginia. He died less than a month before his 46th birthday.
1925 ~ Doris Hart (d. May 29, 2015), American tennis champion who beat the odds. She was a World Number 1 tennis player who was active in the 1940s and ‘50s. She was one of just three players to have a “boxes set” of Grand Slam titles by winning the singles, doubles, and mixed doubles from all four Grand Slam events. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri. She died 22 days before her 90th birthday in Coral Gables, Florida.
1922 ~ Reuben Klamer (d. Sept. 14, 2021), American designer and toy inventor who made an enduring Game of Life. He was born in Canton, Ohio. He died at age 99 in La Jolla, California.
1917 ~ Helena Rasiowa (d. Aug. 9, 1994), Polish mathematician. She was born in Vienna, Austria. She died at age 77 in Warsaw, Poland.
1916 ~ Gerald Larue (né Gerald Alexander Larue; d. Sept. 17, 2014), Canadian-American religious scholar who questioned biblical truths. He had been an ordained minister, but later became agnostic. He was born in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. He died at age 98 in Newport Beach, California.
1909 ~ Errol Flynn (né Errol Leslie Flynn; d. Oct. 14, 1959), Australian actor known for his romantic swashbuckling roles. He was born in Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia. He died of a heart attack at age 50 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
1906 ~ Dame Catherine Cookson (née Catherine Ann McMullen; d. June 11, 1998), British novelist. She died 9 days before her 92nd birthday.
1905 ~ Lillian Hellman (née Lillian Florence Hellman; d. June 30, 1984), American playwright. She is best known for The Children’s Hour and Little Foxes. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She died in Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts 10 days after her 79th birthday.
1884 ~ Mary Ross Calvert (d. June 25, 1974), American astronomer and astrophotographer. She was born and died in Nashville, Tennessee. She died 5 days after her 90th birthday.
1861 ~ Sir Frederick Hopkins (né Frederick Gowland Hopkins; d. May 16, 1947), English biochemist and recipient of the 1929 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died just over a month before his 86th birthday in Cambridge, England.
1837 ~ David Josiah Brewer (d. Mar. 28, 1910), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Benjamin Harrison. He served on the Court from December 1889 until his death on this date 21 years later. He replaced Stanley Matthews on the Court. He was succeeded by Charles Hughes. He was born in Izmir, Turkey where his parents were Congregationalist missionaries. He died in Washington, D.C., at age 72.
1819~ Jacques Offenbach (né Jacob Offenbach; d. Oct. 5, 1880), German-born French composer and cellist. He was born in Cologne, Germany. He died at age 61 in Paris, France.
1808 ~ Samson Raphael Hirsch (d. Dec. 31, 1888), German rabbi. He opposed the Reform and Conservative movements. He was bornin Hamburg, French Empire. He died at age 80 in Frankfurt am Main, German Empire.
1566 ~ Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland (d. Apr. 30, 1632). He ruled Poland from August 1587 until his death in 1632. He was married twice. His first wife was Archduchess Anne of Austria (1573 ~ 1598). They married in 1592. After her death of complications from childbirth, he married her sister, Constance of Austria (1588 ~ 1631). They married in 1605. They were the parents of John II Casimir Vasa, King of Poland. He was of the House of Vasa. He was the son of John III, King of Sweden and Catherine of Jagiellon. He died 3 weeks before his 66th birthday.
Events that Changed the World:
2021 ~ Father’s Day in the United States.
2018 ~ United States President Donald Trump (b. 1946) signed an executive order ending his administration’s policy of separating migrant children from their parents who were detained as they attempted to enter the United States illegally.
2014 ~ The Presbyterian Church voted to divest its holdings in three companies it claimed profited from oppression of Palestinians in Israel’s settlements. The Church divested its interests in Caterpillar, Motorola Solutions, and Hewlett-Packard. The Church also reaffirmed Israel’s right to exist.
2009 ~ During the Iranian election protests, Neda Agha-Soltan (1983 ~ 2009) shot to death and her death was caught on video and immediately released on the internet.
1975 ~ The movie, Jaws, was released. It became the first instant blockbuster and was the highest-grossing film ever at the time.
1959 ~ A rare hurricane struck in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Thirty-five people were killed in the storm.
1945 ~ The United States government approved the transfer of Wernher von Braun (1912 ~ 1977) and his team of Nazi scientist to America.
1943 ~ Kazimierz Piechowski (1919 ~ 2017) led an escape from the Auschwitz concentration camp by dressing up as an SS officer and stealing an SS staff car.
1900 ~ The Boxer Rebellion began in China.
1893 ~ Lizzie Bordon (1860 ~ 1927) was acquitted of the murders of her father and stepmother.
1877 ~ Alexander Graham Bell (1847 ~ 1922) installed the world's first commercial telephone service in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
1863 ~ West Virginia was admitted as the 35th State in the Union. It was the only state to separate to form from a Confederate State during the American Civil War.
1840 ~ Samuel Morse (1791 ~ 1772) received a patent for the telegraph.
1837 ~ Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1819 ~ 1901) ascended to the British throne. Her coronation would take place in June 1838. She reigned over England and the British Commonwealth until her death on January 22, 1901.
1819 ~ The SS Savannah became the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the Atlantic. It was a hybrid vessel that was part sailing ship and part steam ship. The vessel set off from the United States in late May; and arrived in Liverpool in mid-June.
1782 ~ United States Congress adopted the design for the Great Seal of the United States.
1248 ~ The University of Oxford received its Royal charter during the reign of Henry III, King of England (1207 ~ 1272).
Good-Byes:
2012 ~ LeRoy Neiman (né Leroy Leslie Runquist; b. June 8, 1921), American artist who immortalized sporting legends. He was born in St. Paul, Minnesota. He died 12 days after his 91st birthday in New York, New York.
2012 ~ Judy Agnew (née Elinor Isabel Judefind; b. Apr. 23, 1921), Second Lady of the United States and wife of United States Vice President, Spiro T. Agnew. She was born in Baltimore, Maryland. She died at age 91 in Rancho Mirage, California.
2007 ~ Nazik al-Malaika (b. Aug. 23, 1923), Iraqi poet. She was born in Baghdad, Iraq. She died at age 83 in Cairo, Egypt.
2005 ~ Larry Collins (né John Lawrence Collins; b. Sept 14, 1929), American writer and journalist who wrote Is Paris Burning?, about the Nazi occupation of France during World War II, and O Jerusalem!, about the birth of Israel. He was born in West Hartford, Connecticut. He died suddenly of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 75 in Fréjus, France.
2005 ~ Jack Kilby (né Jack St. Clair Kilby; b. Nov. 8, 1923), American physicist and recipient of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was also the co-inventor of the handheld calculator and thermal printer. He was born in Great Bend, Kansas. He died at age 81 in Dallas, Texas.
1999 ~ Clifton Fadiman (né Clifton Paul Fadiman; b. May 15, 1904), American author and television personality. He was born in New York, New York. He died of pancreatic cancer just a month after his 95th birthday in Sanibel, Florida.
1972 ~ Howard Johnson (né Howard Deering Johnson; b. Feb. 2, 1897), American businessman and founder of the Howard Johnson restaurant chain. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 75 in Milton, Massachusetts.
1965 ~ Bernard Baruch (né Bernard Mannes Baruch; b. Aug. 19, 1870), American financier and statesman. He was born in Camden, South Carolina. He died at age 94 in New York, New York.
1963 ~ Raphaël Salem (b. Nov. 7, 1898), Greek mathematician. He died at age 64 in Paris, France.
1958 ~ Kurt Alder (b. July 10, 1902), German chemist and recipient of the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died under mysterious circumstances 20 days before his 56th birthday in Cologne, West Germany.
1947 ~ Bugsy Siegel (né Benjamin Siegel; b. Feb. 28, 1906), American gangster. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was murdered at age 41 in Beverly Hills, California.
1883 ~ John Colenso (né John William Colenso; b. Jan. 24, 1814), British mathematician, theologian, and Biblical scholar. He died at age 69 in Durban, Natal Colony (current day South Africa).
1876 ~ John Neal (b. Aug. 25, 1793), American writer and social critic. He was an early advocate in the United States for women’s rights, abolition, and racial prejudice. He was born and died in Portland, Maine. He died at age 82.
1862 ~ Barbu Catargui (b. Oct. 26, 1807), Romanian journalist and politician. He was the 1st Prime Minister of Romania. He served as Prime Minister from February 1862 until he was assassinated at age 54. He was born and died in Bucharest, Romania. His assassin was never caught.
1843 ~ Hugh S. Legaré (né Hugh Swinton Legaré, b. Jan. 2, 1797), 16th United States Attorney General. He served under President John Tyler from September 1841 until his death at age 46 in June 1843. He died in Office. He also briefly served as Acting United States Secretary of State under President Tyler from May 1843 until June 1843. He was born in Charleston, South Carolina. He died in Boston, Massachusetts while attending the unveiling ceremonies of the Bunker Hill Monument.
1837 ~ William IV, King of the United Kingdom (b. Aug. 21, 1765). He reigned as King from June 1830 until his death in June 1937. He was married to Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen (1792 ~ 1849). He married late in life, but it seemed to be a happy marriage. He was of the House of Hanover. He was the son of George III, King of the United Kingdom and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. He died at age 71. He had no legitimate heirs at the time of his death, hence, he was succeeded by his niece, Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom.
1818 ~ Hedwig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp (b. Mar. 22, 1759), Queen consort of Sweden. She was known as Queen Charlotte. She was the wife of Charles XIII, King of Sweden (1748 ~ 1818). They married in 1774. She was of the House of Holstein-Gottorp. She was the daughter of Frederick August I, Duke of Oldenberg and Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel. She was Lutheran. She died at age 59.
1800 ~ Abraham Gotthelf Kästner (b. Sept. 27, 1719), German mathematician. The crater Kästner on the moon is named in his honor. He died at age 80.
1605 ~ Feodor II, Tsar of Russia (b. 1589). He served as tsar for only the Spring of 1605. He never married and had no known children. He was of the House of Godunov. He was the son of Boris Godunov and Maria Skuratova-Belskaya. He was Russian Orthodox. He was assassinated by strangulation 3 months after being installed as tsar. He was murdered at age 16. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
840 ~ Louis the Pious, King of the Franks (b. Apr 16, 778). He was also known as Louis the Fair. He was married twice. His first wife was Ermengarde of Hesbaye (778 ~ 818). His second wife was Judith of Bavaria (797 ~ 843). They were the parents of Charles the Bold. He was of the House of Carolingian. He was the son of Charlemagne and Hildegard. He was of the Chalcedonian Christianity religion. He died at age 62.
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