June 28
Birthdays:
1994 ~ Hussein bin Abdullah, Crown Prince of Jordan. In 2023, he married Rajwa Al Saif (b. 1994). He is of the House of Hashemite. He is the son of Abdullah II, King of Jordon and Rania Al-Yassin. He was born in Amman, Jordan.
1972 ~ Ngô Bào Châu, Vietnamese mathematician. He was the recipient of the 2010 Fields Medal. He was born in Hanoi, Vietnam.
1971 ~ Elon Musk (né Elon Reeve Musk), South-African born businessman. He is the CEO of Space X. He was born in Pretoria, South Africa.
1966 ~ John Cusack (né John Paul Cusack), American actor. He was born in Evanston, Illinois.
1966 ~ Mary Stuart Masterson, American actress. She was born in Manhattan, New York.
1957 ~ Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria. He was president from January 2002 through January 2012. He was born in Sirishtnik, Bulgaria.
1948 ~ Kathy Bates (née Kathleen Doyle Bates), American actress. She was born in Memphis, Tennessee.
1948 ~ Deborah Moggach (née Deborah Hough), British novelist. She is best known for her historical novel Tulip Fever. She was born in Middlesex, England.
1947 ~ Mark Helprin, American novelist. He was born in Manhattan, New York.
1946 ~ Gilda Radner (née Gilda Susan Radner; d. May 20, 1989), American comedian and actress. She was born in Detroit, Michigan. She died in Los Angeles, California of uterine cancer about a month before her 43rd birthday.
1943 ~ Klaus von Klitzing, German physicist and recipient of the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Sroda Wielkopolska, Poland.
1940 ~ Muhammad Yunus, Bangladeshi economist, and recipient of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize. He was born in Chattogram, Bangladesh.
1938 ~ Leon Panetta (né Leon Edward Panetta), 23rd United States Secretary of Defense. He served under President Barack Obama from July 2011 through February 2013. He had previously served as the 3rd Director of the Central Intelligence Agency from February 2009 until June 2011. During the Clinton administration, he served as the 18th White House Chief of Staff. He was born in Monterey, California.
1937 ~ Thomas Magliozzi (d. Nov. 3, 2014), American radio personality and host who got laughs out of auto repair. He, along with his brother, Ray Magliozzi (b. 1949), were known as Click and Clack, the Tappit Brothers on NPR’s Car Talk. He was born in East Cambridge, Massachusetts. He died at age 77 in Belmont, Massachusetts.
1934 ~ Carl Levin (né Carl Milton Levin; d. July 29, 2021), American long-serving senator who grilled CEOs. He was a Democrat United States Senator from Michigan who served from January 1979 until January 2015. He was known for grilling Goldman Sachs at the 2010 hearings into their financial crisis. He was born and died in Detroit, Michigan. He died of lung cancer a month after his 87th birthday.
1932 ~ Pat Morita (né Noriyuki Morita; d. Nov. 24, 2005), American actor best known for his role as Mr. Kesuke Miyagi in The Karate Kid movies. He was born in Isleton, California. He died of kidney failure at age 73 in Las Vegas, Nevada.
1930 ~ William Campbell (né William Cecil Campbell), Irish-American biologist and parasitologist. He was the recipient of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was born in Ramelton, Republic of Ireland.
1928 ~ Robert Ledley (d. July 24, 2012), American physiologist and physicist. He is best known for inventing the CT scanner. He was born in New York, New York. He died about a month after his 86th birthday in Kensington, Maryland.
1928 ~ Sir Harold Evans (né Harold Matthew Evans; d. Sept. 23, 2020), British-American journalist and editor who exposed scandals and spies. During his time at the British Sunday Times, he outed British intelligence officer Kim Philby as a Russian spy. His 2nd wife was Tina Brown. He was born in Eccles, United Kingdom. He died at age 92 in New York, New York.
1927 ~ Frank Sherwood Rowland (d. Mar. 10, 2012), American chemist and recipient of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is best known for ozone depletion research. He was born in Delaware, Ohio. He died at age 84 in Newport Beach, California.
1926 ~ Betty Skelton Erde (né Betty Skelton; d. Aug. 31, 2011), American aviatrix who raced into the record books. She held a land speed record and aerobatics pilot who set 17 aviation and automobile records. She helped create opportunities for women in aviation, auto racing, astronautics, and advertising. She was born in Pensacola, Florida. She died at age 85 in The Villages, Florida.
1926 ~ George Booth (d. Nov. 1, 2022), American cartoonist of angry dogs and domestic chaos. He worked for The New Yorker and created numerous cartoons. He was born in Cainsville, Missouri. He died at age 96 in New York, New York.
1926 ~ Mel Brooks (né Melvin Kaminsky), American actor and filmmaker. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.
1925 ~ George Ballas, Sr. (né George Charles Ballas; b. June 25, 2011), American inventor who made millions wacking weeds. In 1971, he created what he called the Weed Eater. He was born in Ruston, Louisiana. He died of lung cancer in Houston, Texas 3 days before his 83rd birthday.
1915 ~ David Edwards (d. Aug. 29, 2011), African-American guitarist and last of the original Delta bluesmen. He was known as Honeyboy. He was born in Shaw, Mississippi. He died of heart failure at age 96 in Chicago, Illinois.
1909 ~ Eric Ambler (né Eric Clifford Ambler; d. Oct. 22, 1998), English writer. He is best known for his spy novels. He was born and died in London, England. He died at age 87.
1906 ~ Maria Goeppert-Mayer (née Maria Göppert; d. Feb. 20, 1972), German-born American theoretical physicist and recipient of the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics for proposing the nuclear shell model of the atomic nucleus. She was the second woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, the first being Marie Curie. She died of a heart attack at age 65 in San Diego, California.
1905 ~ Ashley Montagu (né Israel Ehrenberg, d. Nov. 26, 1999), British anthropologist. He was born in London, England. He died at age 94, in Princeton, New Jersey.
1902 ~ Richard Rodgers (né Richard Charles Rodgers; d. Dec. 30, 1979), American composer. He is best known for his corroboration with Oscar Hammerstein II. They wrote many musicals together. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died at age 77.
1891 ~ Esther Forbes (née Esther Louise Forbes, d. Aug. 12, 1968), American historian and writer. She wrote children’s literature and is best known for her novel Johnny Tremain. She was born in Westborough, Massachusetts. She died of rheumatic heard disease at age 76 in Worcester, Massachusetts.
1883 ~ Pierre Laval (d. Oct. 15, 1945), Prime Minister of France. He served as Prime Ministers from January 1931 until February 1932. After the liberation of France during World War II, he was found guilty of treason and executed by firing squad at age 62.
1875 ~ Henri Lebesgue (né Henri Léon Lebesgue; d. July 26, 1941), French mathematician. He died a month after his 66th birthday in Paris, France.
1873 ~ Alexis Carrel (d. Nov. 5, 1944), French surgeon and biologist. He was the recipient of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his pioneering work in vascular suturing techniques. He died at age 71 in Paris, France.
1867 ~ Luigi Pirandello (d. Dec. 10, 1936), Italian writer and recipient of the 1934 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 69 in Rome, Italy.
1825 ~ Emil Erlenmeyer (né Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer; d. Jan. 22, 1909), German chemist best known for designing the Erlenmeyer flask. He died at age 83.
1824 ~ Paul Broca (né Pierre Paul Broca; d. July 9, 1880), French physician. He is best known for his research on the frontal lobe that now bears his name ~ the Broca area of the brain. He died in Paris, France of a brain aneurysm 11 days after his 56th birthday in Paris, France.
1796 ~ Caroline Amalie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (d. Mar. 9, 1881), Queen consort of Denmark and second wife of Christian VIII, King of Denmark (1786 ~ 1848). They married in 1815. She was of the House of Caroline Amalie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg. She was the daughter of Frederick Christian II, Duke of Caroline Amalie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg and Princess Louise Auguste of Denmark. She was Lutheran. She was born and died in Copenhagen, Denmark. She died at age 84.
1712 ~ Jean-Jacques Rousseau (d. July 2, 1778), French philosopher and writer during the Enlightenment period. His philosophy helped shape events that led to the French Revolution. He was born in Geneva, Republic of Geneva. He died 4 days after his 66th birthday.
1703 ~ John Wesley (d. Mar. 2, 1791), English cleric and founder of Methodism and the Methodist church. He died at age 87 in London, England.
1641 ~ Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d’Arquein (d. Jan. 30, 1716), Queen consort of Poland and wife of John III Sobieski, King of Poland (1629 ~ 1696). He was her second husband. They married in 1665. She had previously been married to John Zamoyski. They were married from 1658 until his death in 1665. She was the daughter of Henri de la Grange d’Arquein and Françoise de la Châtre. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 74.
1577 ~ Sir Peter Paul Rubens (d. May 30, 1640), Flemish painter and diplomat. He was knighted by both Philip IV, King of Spain and Charles I, King of England. He died 29 days before his 63rd birthday.
1491 ~ Henry VIII, King of England (d. Jan. 28, 1547). He ruled England from April 1509 until his death in January 1547. He was known for initiating the English Reformation which separated the Church of England from the Catholic Church. He was married six times. His first wife was Catherine of Aragon (1485 ~ 1536), whom he divorced. His second wife was Anne Boleyn (d. 1536), who was beheaded. Jane Seymour (1508 ~ 1537), his third wife, died. His fourth marriage was to Anne of Cleves (1515 ~ 1557). This marriage was annulled. He then married Catherine Howard (d. 1542), who was later beheaded. His sixth and final marriage was to Catherine Parr (1512 ~ 1548). She outlived the King. Henry was of the House of Tudor. He was the second Tutor monarch of England. He was the son of Henry VII, King of England and Elizabeth of York. He died at age 55 on the 90th anniversary of his father’s birth.
1476 ~ Pope Paul IV (né Gian Pietro Carafa; d. Aug. 18, 1559). He was Pope from May 1555 until his death 4 years later in August 1559. He was 83 years old.
1170 ~ Valdemar II, King of Denmark (d. Mar. 28, 1241). He was known as Valdemar the Conqueror. He ruled Denmark from 1202 until his death in 1241. He was married twice. His first wife was Dagmar of Bohemia (1186 ~ 1212). His second wife was Berengária of Portugal (1198 ~ d. Mar. 27, 1221). They were the parents of Eric IV, King of Denmark. He was of the House of Estridsen. He was the son of Valdemar I, King of Denmark and Sophis of Minsk. The exact date of his birth is unknown but is believed to have been in June 1170. He died at age 70.
751 ~ Carloman I, King of the Franks (d. Dec. 4, 771). He ruled from October 768 until his death 3 years later. He was married to Gerberga. He was of the Carolingian dynasty. He was the son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon. He died suddenly at age 20.
Events that Changed the World:
2016 ~ A terrorist attack at the Atatürk Airport in Istanbul killed over 40 people and injured over 200 others.
2012 ~ The United States Supreme Court upheld the Affordable Health Care Act in the case entitled National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius. It was a plurality decision, drafted by Chief Justice John Roberts (b. 1955).
1996 ~ The Constitution of the Ukraine was signed into law.
1992 ~ The Constitution of Estonia was ratified. It became effective on July 3, 1992.
1987 ~ Iraqi warplanes bombed the Iranian town of Sardasht, thereby making it the first time in military history where a civilian population was targeted for chemical attack.
1978 ~ In the case of Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the United States Supreme Court barred quota systems in college admissions. Associate Justice Lewis Powell (1907 ~ 1998) drafted the opinion.
1969 ~ The Stonewall Riots began in New York City. This marks the beginning of the Gay Rights Movement.
1967 ~ Following the Six-Day War, Jerusalem was reunified.
1926 ~ The Mercedes-Benz company was formed when Gottlieb Daimler (1834 ~ 1900) and Karl Benz (1844 ~ 1929) merged their two companies.
1919 ~ The Treaty of Versailles was signed in Paris, formally ending World War I.
1914 ~ World War I began when Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1863 ~ 1914) and his wife, Sofia Chotek, Countess of Hohenberg (1868 ~ 1914), were assassinated in Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip (1894 ~ 1918)
1902 ~ The United States Congress passed the Spooner Act, authorizing President Theodore Roosevelt (1858 ~ 1919) to acquire rights from Columbia for the Panama Canal.
1894 ~ Labor Day became an official holiday in the United States.
1870 ~ The United States Congress established the first federal holidays: New Year’s Day, July 4th, Thanksgiving, and Christmas.
1846 ~ The saxophone was patented by Adolphe Sax (1814 ~ 1894) in Paris, France.
1838 ~ Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1819 ~ 1901) was crowned in Westminster Abbey. She was 18 years old at the time of her coronation. She ruled England for 63 years. She died at age 81.
1519 ~ Charles V (1500 ~ 1558) was elected as Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. He died at age 58.
1461 ~ Edward, Earl of March (1442 ~ 1483) was crowned Edward IV, King of England. He died at age 40.
Good-Byes:
2018 ~ Harlan Ellison (né Harlan Jay Ellison; b. May 27, 1934), American combative writer who became a sci-fi master. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He died 32 days after his 84th birthday in Los Angeles, California.
2016 ~ Pat Summitt (née Patricia Sue Head; b. June 14, 1952), American women’s basketball coach who transformed women’s sports. She was born in Clarksville, Tennessee. She died 14 days after her 64th birthday in Knoxville, Tennessee of early onset Alzheimer’s disease.
2014 ~ Meshach Taylor (b. Apr. 11, 1947), American actor best known for his role as Anthony Bouvier on the television sit-com Designing Women. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 67 of colon cancer in Altadena, California.
2006 ~ Theodore Levitt (b. Mar. 1, 1925), German-born American economist. He died at age 81 in Belmont, Massachusetts.
2001 ~ Mortimer J. Adler (né Mortimer Jerome Adler; b. Dec. 28, 1902), American philosopher and author. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 98 in San Mateo, California.
1984 ~ Yigael Yadin (b. Mar. 20, 1917), Israeli archeologist, general and politician. He was born in Jerusalem. He died at age 67.
1975 ~ Rod Serling (né Rodman Edward Serling; b. Dec. 25, 1924), American television producer and author. He is best known for hosting The Twilight Zone. He was born in Syracuse, New York. He died at age 50 following heart surgery in Rochester, New York.
1921 ~ Charles Bonaparte (né Charles Joseph Bonaparte; b. June 9, 1851), 46th United States Attorney General. He served under President Theodore Roosevelt from December 1906 until March 1909. He previously served as the 37th Secretary of the Navy in President Roosevelt’s administration. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He died less than three weeks after his 70th birthday.
1914 ~ Sophia, Duchess of Hohenberg (b. Mar. 1, 1868), wife of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (1863 ~ 1914). They married in 1900. She was assassinated along with her husband. Their deaths sparked World War I. She was of the Chotek nobel family. She was the daughter of Count Bohuslaw Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin and Countess Wilhelmine Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau. She was 46 at the time of her death.
1914 ~ Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (b. Dec. 18, 1863), heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. He was assassinated along with his wife, Sophia, Duchess of Hohenberg (1868 ~ 1914), and their assassination in 1914 sparked the beginning of World War I. He was of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. He was the son of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria and Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. He was Roman Catholic. He was 50 years old at the time of his death.
1889 ~ Maria Mitchell (b. Aug. 1, 1818), American astronomer. She is one of the first female professional astronomers. She is best known for having discovered the comet C/1847 T1. She was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts. She died of brain disease at age 70 in Lynn, Massachusetts.
1881 ~ Jules Armand Dufaure (b. Dec. 4, 1798), French politician. He served several terms as French Prime Minister. He died at age 82.
1836 ~ James Madison, Jr. (b. Mar. 16, 1836), 4th President of the United States. He was president from March 1809 until March 1817. He had previously served as the 5th United States Secretary of State, which he served during the Thomas Jefferson administration from May 1801 until March 1809. He was born in Port Conway, Virginia, British America. He died at age 85 in Montpelier, Virginia.
1776 ~ Thomas Hickey, Irish-born Continental Army private and bodyguard to General George Washington. He was hanged for mutiny, sedation, and treason for his role in a plot to possibly assassinate George Washington during the American Revolutionary War. The date of his birth is not known.
1757 ~ Sophia Dorothea of Hanover (b. Mar. 26, 1687), Queen consort of Prussia and Electress consort of Brandenburg. She was the wife of Frederick William I, King of Prussia (1688 ~ 1740). They married in 1706. They were the parents of Frederick II, King of Prussia. She was of the House of Hanover. She was the daughter of George I, King of Great Britain, and Sophia Dorothea of Celle. She died at age 70.
1754 ~ Martin Folkes (b. Oct. 29, 1690), British mathematician. He was born and died in London, England. He died at age 63.
1194 ~ Emperor Xiaozong (b. Nov. 27, 1127), 11th Chinese emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He ruled from July 1162 until February 1189 when he abdicated in favor of his son, Emperor Guangzong. He died at age 66.
1189 ~ Princess Matilda of England (b. 1156), Duchess consort of Saxony and wife of Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony (1129 ~ 1195). They married in 1168. She was his second wife. She was of the House of Plantagenet. She was the daughter of Henry II, King of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. The exact dates of her birth and death are not actually known, but she is believed to have been about age 32 or 33 at the time of her death.
767 ~ Pope Paul I (b. 700). He was Pope from May 757 until his death 10 years later. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
683 ~ Pope Saint Leo II (né Leo Maneius; b. 611). He is also known as Saint Leo II. He was Pope from August 682 until his death 10 months later. The exact date of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been about 72 at the age of his death.
548 ~ Theodora I (b. 500), Byzantine Empress and wife of Justinian I. The exact date of her birth is unknown. She is believed to have been about 48 years old at the time of her death.
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